SOME HELPFUL DEFINITIONS AND RESOURCES

Model

A model is a representation of an object or system.  It can help us think about and understand something that cannot easily be seen.  Examples include a model of the solar system or the chemical structure of sugars.

Collection

A collection is a group of items that have something in common.  The processes of sorting and classifying objects are an important part of science.  By arranging similar items together we discover traits they have in common and sharpen our observation skills.  Examples are shell or rock collections.

Observation

Observations are what you can detect using your senses.  In an observation you watch something carefully and record all that you see happen over a period of time. 

Demonstration of a Scientific Principle An example would be observing crystal growth.

Like a model, a demonstration helps illustrate an idea.  The demonstration gives a visual representation for the idea or principle.  Examples include demonstrating the flow of electricity through a circuit or how hot and cold air move differently.

Experiment

In an experiment you make a comparison between two situations, keeping all things the same except one.  The one thing that you plan to be different in the experiment is called the test variable.  You decide on what is going to be different before doing the experiment.  An outcome variable is the thing that you compare in an experiment.  You don’t know what you will find out until after you do the experiment.  An example would be planting two peas in different types of soil.  If each developing plant were given the same amount of water and sunlight, the only thing that differs (varies) is the soil type – it is the test variable.  The outcome variable may be the size of the plants after 20 days of growth.

Hypothesis

A hypothesis is a prediction about what you think will happen in the experiment; what you think the results will be.

RESOURCES

BOOKS:  There are lots and lots of good books on science fair projects available in the local public libraries.  The Parkmead library also has several books.  Some books have very specific ideas and plans for projects where others have more general ideas that can give you a starting point.  Ask the librarian for assistance!

INTERNET:  The Parkmead Family Science Fair website has useful links to age and grade-appropriate project sites (go to http://familysciencefair.home.comcast.net ).  Use it as a starting point.

PEOPLE:  Call one of the Fair Co-Chairs, Peter Carroll (938-9918) or Tony Phillips (979-0145), or send us an e-mail via the Fair website. We will be glad to assist!